http://asylumprojects.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Elkinsstatehospital&feedformat=atomAsylum Projects - User contributions [en]2024-03-19T06:20:15ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0http://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Arizona&diff=37266Arizona2019-08-09T03:17:45Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* Sanitariums */</p>
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<div>{{infobox state<br />
| Name = Arizona<br />
| flag = 800px-Flag_of_Arizona.svg.png<br />
| flagAlt = Flag of Arizona<br />
| seal = Arizonastateseal.jpg<br />
| sealAlt = Seal of Arizona<br />
| Motto = Ditat Deus (God Enriches)<br />
| Map = 286px-Map_of_USA_AZ.svg.png<br />
| MapAlt = <br />
| Nickname = The Grand Canyon State;<br> The Copper State<br />
| Capital = Phoenix<br />
| LargestCity = Phoenix<br />
| Total_Area_mile = 113,998<br />
| Total_Area_km = 295,254<br />
| Width_mile = 310<br />
| Width_km = 500<br />
| Length_mile = 400<br />
| Length_km = 645<br />
| total_state_population = 6,626,624 (2013 est)<br />
| total_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| year_past_peak_pop = <br />
| past_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| total_number_mental_health_institutions = <br />
| current_number_public_institutions = 1<br />
| current_number_private_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_state_hospitals = <br />
| peak_state_hospitals = <br />
| year_peak_state_schools = <br />
| peak_state_schools = <br />
| year_peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
| peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==State Hospitals==<br />
* [[Arizona State Hospital]]<br />
<br />
==State Schools==<br />
* [[Arizona Children's Colony]]<br />
* [[Arizona Training Program at Phoenix]]<br />
* [[Arizona Training Program at Tucson]]<br />
<br />
==Reform Schools==<br />
*[[Arizona State Industrial School]]<br />
*[[Phoenix Indian School]]<br />
*[[Pinon Indian Boarding School]]<br />
*[[Tuba City Boarding School]]<br />
<br />
==Sanitariums==<br />
* [[Winslow Sanatorium]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:United States of America]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Winslow_Sanatorium&diff=37265Winslow Sanatorium2019-08-09T03:16:50Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Winslow Sanatorium<br />
| image = Winslow_Sanatorium.png<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1931<br />
| construction_began = 1932<br />
| construction_ended =<br />
| opened = 1933<br />
| closed = 1948<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Single Building Institutions|Single Building]]<br />
| architect(s) = McKee Company<br />
| location = Winslow, AZ<br />
| architecture_style = Adobe<br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =</br><br />
* Hopi-Navajo Sanatorium<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Part of a nationwide wave of funding to provide facilities for Native Americans suffering from tuberculosis in the 1930s, the Winslow Sanatorium was authorized by Congress in 1931.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=g6uyVlwGKlwC&lpg=PA243&dq=%22Hopi-Navajo%20Sanatorium%22%20Winslow&pg=PA243#v=onepage&q=%22Hopi-Navajo%20Sanatorium%22%20Winslow&f=false</ref> Construction was begun by a Texas company, McKee, in 1932 with the facility opening to its first patients from the Hopi and Navajo reservations in 1933.<ref>https://www.azarchsoc.org/Resources/Pubs/Petroglyph/Petro_Jun14.pdf</ref> Registered as a hospital with the American Medical Association, it was officially known as Winslow Sanatorium.<ref>https://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/digital/collection/coolidgeexam/id/1694/</ref> The following year operations were transferred from the federal government to the Navajo Health Authority, who operated it until it again became a federal facility under the Indian Health Service in 1948, when it fully became a general hospital.<ref>https://www.wihcc.com/history-mission-vision--values.html</ref><br />
<br />
Today, the former sanatorium building still stands as part of the Winslow Indian Health Care Center. Nearby are 417 largely unmarked graves dating to the sanatorium and inpatient hospital days, approximately 1933 to 1977. Efforts are ongoing to identify burials and protect the cemetery site from damage.<ref>https://www.nhonews.com/news/2011/aug/31/historic-commission-identifying-hopi-and-navajo-g/</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Arizona]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Single Building Institutions]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Winslow_Sanatorium&diff=37264Winslow Sanatorium2019-08-09T03:16:18Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: Created page with "{{infobox institution | name = Winslow Sanatorium | image = Winslow_Sanatorium.png | image_size = 250px | alt = | caption = | established = 1931 | construction_began = 1932..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Winslow Sanatorium<br />
| image = Winslow_Sanatorium.png<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1931<br />
| construction_began = 1932<br />
| construction_ended =<br />
| opened = 1933<br />
| closed = 1948<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Single Building Institutions|Single Building]]<br />
| architect(s) = McKee Company<br />
| location = Winslow, AZ<br />
| architecture_style = Adobe<br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =</br><br />
* Hopi-Navajo Sanatorium<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Part of a nationwide wave of funding to provide facilities for Native Americans suffering from tuberculosis in the 1930s, the Winslow Sanatorium was authorized by Congress in 1931.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=g6uyVlwGKlwC&lpg=PA243&dq=%22Hopi-Navajo%20Sanatorium%22%20Winslow&pg=PA243#v=onepage&q=%22Hopi-Navajo%20Sanatorium%22%20Winslow&f=false</ref> Construction was begun by a Texas company, McKee, in 1932 with the facility opening to its first patients from the Hopi and Navajo reservations in 1933.<ref>https://www.azarchsoc.org/Resources/Pubs/Petroglyph/Petro_Jun14.pdf</ref> Registered as a hospital with the American Medical Association, it was officially known as Winslow Sanatorium.<ref>https://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/digital/collection/coolidgeexam/id/1694/</ref> The following year operations were transferred from the federal government to the Navajo Health Authority, who operated it until it again became a federal facility under the Indian Health Service in 1948, when it fully became a general hospital.<ref>https://www.wihcc.com/history-mission-vision--values.html</ref><br />
<br />
Today, the former sanatorium building still stands as part of the Winslow Indian Health Care Center. Nearby are 417 largely unmarked graves dating to the sanatorium and inpatient hospital days, approximately 1933 to 1977. Efforts are ongoing to identify burials and protect the cemetery site from damage.<ref>https://www.nhonews.com/news/2011/aug/31/historic-commission-identifying-hopi-and-navajo-g/</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:Arizona]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Single Building Institutions|Single Building]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:Winslow_Sanatorium.png&diff=37263File:Winslow Sanatorium.png2019-08-09T03:03:08Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: https://www.wihcc.com/history-mission-vision--values.html</p>
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<div>https://www.wihcc.com/history-mission-vision--values.html</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=User:Elkinsstatehospital&diff=37262User:Elkinsstatehospital2019-08-09T02:53:24Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>So the screen name doesn't red link anymore, figured I'd put something here.<br />
<br />
Name's John, I'm from West Virginia and live about forty minutes (at max) from the old Weston State Hospital.<br />
<br />
Projects I'm working on or researching (if you have any information about the hospitals listed bellow I would love to hear it!)<br />
* [[Winslow Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Onigum Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Sac and Fox Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Austin-Travis County Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Madison County Sanatorium]]<br />
<br />
Projects (tentatively) complete<br />
* [[Blue Ridge Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Fond du Lac County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Iowa County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Eau Claire County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]] (still looking for more, but complete as it is now)</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Irene_Byron_Tuberculosis_Sanatorium&diff=37261Irene Byron Tuberculosis Sanatorium2019-08-07T22:39:42Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Irene Byron Tuberculosis Sanatorium<br />
| image = INbyronsan.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = <br />
| construction_began = 1916<br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = 1919<br />
| closed = 1974<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Demolished Institution|Demolished]]<br />
| building_style = [[Cottage Planned Institutions|Cottage Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Ft. Wayne, IN<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =<br> <br />
* <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
In 1913 Irene Byron, a young graduate of the Hope Hospital Training Program for Nurses, began work as the visiting nurse for the Anti Tuberculosis League. In this role, she had responsibility for educating patients in the importance of sanitation. If the disease were caught in the early stages, a good diet, fresh air, and rest could help patients recover. Miss Byron and other leaders of the Anti Tuberculosis League quickly learned, however, that Fort Wayne was experiencing a tuberculosis epidemic. By September of 1913 more than 600 local residents were suffering from the disease. Two hundred were so sick that nothing short of a miracle could save them. Most of the remaining 400 victims might survive if they could be propery cared for. While tuberculosis sanitariums were becoming established elsewhere, Fort Wayne at this time lacked such facilities.<br />
<br />
As a first step, the Anti Tuberculosis League opened a free clinic and dispensary. Irene Byron, now as the league's executive secretary, took responsibility for supervising programs of home care. In the summer of 1914 Irene Byron began campaigning for an outdoor hospital that would enforce strict rules of rest, diet, and fresh air. Thanks largely to her efforts, the following spring the Anti Tuberculosis League opened Fort Recovery, a group of wooden huts that housed twenty patients, even very young children. <br />
<br />
Miss Byron continued to care for hundreds of other patients in their homes. At the same time she crusaded for a fresh air school to help underweight chidren become more robust. Irene Byron clearly risked her life through her regular visits with TB patients. By the winter of 1915, such exposre had taken its toll, for she was forced to take an extended leave of absence to visit family in California. She apparently regained her health, for when the call went out in the fall of 1917 for nurses to serve in World War I, she was one of the first from Fort Wayne to sign up. Knowingly, she again risked her life to care for soldiers stationed at Camp McArthur in Waco, Texas, stricken with influenza. Despite the hardships she faced, she hoped to be sent to war areas in France.<br />
<br />
Within less than six months in Texas, however, Miss Byron died, becoming Allen County's first woman martyr of the war. She was only 36 years old. Irene Byron's efforts to fight tuberculosis in Fort Wayne nevertheless continued. In the summer of 1919 a new modern sanitarium was dedicated in her honor to care for soldiers returning from service. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Indiana]]<br />
[[Category:Cottage Plan]]<br />
[[Category:Demolished Institution]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:INbyronsan.jpg&diff=37260File:INbyronsan.jpg2019-08-07T22:38:10Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: The images in the Allen County Public Library's digital library may be viewed, downloaded, and printed for personal or educational use, but any commercial use is prohibited without permission. Some collections may have other rights retained. Questions...</p>
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<div>The images in the Allen County Public Library's digital library may be viewed, downloaded, and printed for personal or educational use, but any commercial use is prohibited without permission. Some collections may have other rights retained. Questions may be directed to the Special Collections Division of the Library at Genealogy@ACPL.Info or (260) 421-1225.</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=User:Elkinsstatehospital&diff=37259User:Elkinsstatehospital2019-08-07T03:19:51Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>So the screen name doesn't red link anymore, figured I'd put something here.<br />
<br />
Name's John, I'm from West Virginia and live about forty minutes (at max) from the old Weston State Hospital.<br />
<br />
Projects I'm working on or researching (if you have any information about the hospitals listed bellow I would love to hear it!)<br />
* [[Southern Wisconsin Center for the Developmentally Disabled]]<br />
* [[Northern Wisconsin Center for the Developmentally Disabled]]<br />
* [[Barboursville State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Welch Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* [[West Virginia Training School]]<br />
* <s>[[Catawba Sanatorium]]</s><br />
* <s>[[Piedmont Sanatorium]]</s><br />
* Sweet Springs Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Berkeley Springs Sanitarium<br />
* Pinecrest Sanitarium<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Girls<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Boys<br />
<br />
Projects (tentatively) complete<br />
* [[Blue Ridge Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Fond du Lac County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Iowa County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Eau Claire County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]] (still looking for more, but complete as it is now)</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Choctaw-Chickasaw_Tuberculosis_Sanatorium&diff=37258Choctaw-Chickasaw Tuberculosis Sanatorium2019-08-07T02:57:58Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Choctaw-Chickasaw Tuberculosis Sanatorium<br />
| image = choctawchickasawsanitarium.png<br />
| image_size = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1911<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = 1917<br />
| closed = 1963<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Single Building Institutions|Single Building]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Talihina, OK<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Talihina Indian Tuberculosis Hospital<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Seeing a rising incidence of tuberculosis in their tribe, the Choctaw Council authorized $50,000<ref>http://sites.rootsweb.com/~okleflor/newspapers/1917-talihina.htm</ref> for the construction of a sanatorium 3 and 1/2 miles northwest<ref>https://eots.omeka.net/items/show/3</ref> of Talihina, Oklahoma in the Winding Stair Mountains. It would be located only about half a mile from the [[Eastern Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium]]. By 1916, the building had remained unfinished and it was contemplated that the hospital would serve general patients as well as tubercular cases despite what had been proposed. Recommendations from the Bureau of Indian Affairs urged that the site remain as primarily a tuberculosis hospital, not only for the recovery of patients in a location that fit will with contemporary treatment ideas, but also to segregated the infected from the rest of their tribe. The hospital opened in 1917, and the next year it was home to twenty patients, mostly youths.<ref>https://archive.org/stream/reportsofdepartm1702unit/reportsofdepartm1702unit_djvu.txt</ref> It had a projected capacity of sixty patients. <br />
<br />
1921 saw many of the same remarks from Bureau of Indian Affairs officials; there were no Choctaw or Chickasaw tribe members on staff, meaning physicians and nurses had difficulty communicating with many of their patients. It was also still being widely used to house non-TB patients without any separation from each other.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=qhEwAAAAYAAJ</ref>. Conditions were similar in 1930 when the superintendent, Dr. William van Cleave, testified to Congress that the sanatorium regularly "crowd more in" than its sixty bed capacity. Patients included syphilis sufferers as well as TB patients.<ref>https://mtmemory.org/digital/collection/p15018coll41/id/42890/</ref> Throughout the years, the hospital reported difficulty keeping patients through the full treatment regimen. <br />
<br />
In 1939, the tribe conveyed the hospital and land to the federal government.<ref>https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/76th-congress/session-1/c76s1ch21.pdf</ref> 1942 saw the sanatorium allocated $203,604 by the federal government.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/30278411/</ref> This followed up significant New Deal era Public Works Administration spending in the mid-1930s including more than $56,000 in 1934 for conservation and construction work.<ref>https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1934-pt7-v78/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1934-pt7-v78-5-2.pdf</ref> With the decline in tuberculosis patients those that remained were moved to state facilities in 1963.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=md2sCwAAQBAJ&lpg=PT102&ots=G2M_UOsEYC&dq=Talihina%20Choctaw%20Sanatorium&pg=PT102#v=onepage&q=Talihina%20Choctaw%20Sanatorium&f=false</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Oklahoma]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Single Building Institutions]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Choctaw-Chickasaw_Tuberculosis_Sanatorium&diff=37257Choctaw-Chickasaw Tuberculosis Sanatorium2019-08-07T02:26:04Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Choctaw-Chickasaw Tuberculosis Sanatorium<br />
| image = choctawchickasawsanitarium.png<br />
| image_size = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1911<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = 1917<br />
| closed = <br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Single Building Institutions|Single Building]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Talihina, OK<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Talihina Indian Tuberculosis Hospital<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Seeing a rising incidence of tuberculosis in their tribe, the Choctaw Council authorized $50,000<ref>http://sites.rootsweb.com/~okleflor/newspapers/1917-talihina.htm</ref> for the construction of a sanatorium 3 and 1/2 miles northwest<ref>https://eots.omeka.net/items/show/3</ref> of Talihina, Oklahoma in the Winding Stair Mountains. It would be located only about half a mile from the [[Eastern Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium]]. By 1916, the building had remained unfinished and it was contemplated that the hospital would serve general patients as well as tubercular cases despite what had been proposed. Recommendations from the Bureau of Indian Affairs urged that the site remain as primarily a tuberculosis hospital, not only for the recovery of patients in a location that fit will with contemporary treatment ideas, but also to segregated the infected from the rest of their tribe. The hospital opened in 1917, and the next year it was home to twenty patients, mostly youths.<ref>https://archive.org/stream/reportsofdepartm1702unit/reportsofdepartm1702unit_djvu.txt</ref> It had a projected capacity of sixty patients. <br />
<br />
1921 saw many of the same remarks from Bureau of Indian Affairs officials; there were no Choctaw or Chickasaw tribe members on staff, meaning physicians and nurses had difficulty communicating with many of their patients. It was also still being widely used to house non-TB patients without any separation from each other.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=qhEwAAAAYAAJ</ref>. Conditions were similar in 1930 when the superintendent, Dr. William van Cleave, testified to Congress that the sanatorium regularly "crowd more in" than its sixty bed capacity. Patients included syphilis sufferers as well as TB patients.<ref>https://mtmemory.org/digital/collection/p15018coll41/id/42890/</ref> Throughout the years, the hospital reported difficulty keeping patients through the full treatment regimen. <br />
<br />
In 1939, the tribe conveyed the hospital and land to the federal government.<ref>https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/76th-congress/session-1/c76s1ch21.pdf</ref> 1942 saw the sanatorium allocated $203,604 by the federal government.<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/30278411/</ref> This followed up significant New Deal era Public Works Administration spending in the mid-1930s including more than $56,000 in 1934 for conservation and construction work.<ref>https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1934-pt7-v78/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1934-pt7-v78-5-2.pdf</ref> <br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Oklahoma]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Single Building Institutions]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:choctawchickasawsanitarium.png&diff=37256File:choctawchickasawsanitarium.png2019-08-07T01:13:56Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: Choctaw-Chickasaw Sanatorium, Talihina, Oklahoma, MRL 10: G.E.E. Lindquist Papers, 65, 1805, The Burke Library Archives (Columbia University Libraries) at Union Theological Seminary, New York. Can be viewed at http://lindquist.cul.columbia.edu:443/cata...</p>
<hr />
<div>Choctaw-Chickasaw Sanatorium, Talihina, Oklahoma, MRL 10: G.E.E. Lindquist Papers, 65, 1805, The Burke Library Archives (Columbia University Libraries) at Union Theological Seminary, New York. Can be viewed at http://lindquist.cul.columbia.edu:443/catalog/burke_lindq_065_1805. Web accessed 06 Aug 2019.</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Western_Oklahoma_Tuberculosis_Sanatorium&diff=37255Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium2019-08-07T01:07:20Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium <br />
| image = <br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1921<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = 1922<br />
| closed = 1975<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Preserved Institution|Preserved]]<br />
| building_style = [[Cottage Planned Institutions|Cottage Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Clinton, OK<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names = Clinton Veterans Center (1972)<br><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
It was clear that the private sanatorium was not the answer so in 1921, the Oklahoma Legislature established the state's first sanatorium in Talihina. A year later, in 1922, the Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium was established in Clinton and the Soldiers' Tubercular Sanatorium was created in Sulphur, OK. These became the mainstays of tuberculosis treatment in Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
The City of Clinton donated 100 acres of land one mile south of the city for the Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium which opened April 3, 1922 with beds for 100 patients. <br />
<br />
In 1931, the Negro sanatorium at Boley, OK closed and patients were given a separated building at Western State Sanatorium.<br />
<br />
By the time it closed in 1975, it had grown to 356 beds. The Clinton Veterans Center now occupies these grounds; few of the WOTS buildings that were in operation are still on the grounds.<br />
<br />
==Cemetery==<br />
<br />
The cemetery is located on the Veterans Center property. It was severely overgrown and being used as part of a livestock grazing area. The grave markers are a flat concrete slabs with handmade brass plates attached to them. A group from the Southwestern State University unearthed grave markers with a metal detector in 2012. One marker had no plate attached to it and several graves were unmarked.<br />
<br />
==Images==<br />
<gallery><br />
<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
* [http://wotbscemeteryproject.blogspot.com/| Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanitarium Cemetery Project]<br />
* [https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=CL016| Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture: Clinton, OK]<br />
* [http://genealogytrails.com/oka/custer/westernoktuberulosissanatorium.html| Genealogy Trails, "Admissions & Discharges as published in the Conqueror - a publication published by the Patients"]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Oklahoma]]<br />
[[Category:Preserved Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Cottage Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Western_Oklahoma_Tuberculosis_Sanatorium&diff=37254Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium2019-08-07T00:55:50Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* Cemetery */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium <br />
| image = <br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1921<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = 1922<br />
| closed = 1975<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Preserved Institution|Preserved]]<br />
| building_style = [[Cottage Planned Institutions|Cottage Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Clinton, OK<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
It was clear that the private sanatorium was not the answer so in 1921, the Oklahoma Legislature established the state's first sanatorium in Talihina. A year later, in 1922, the Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium was established in Clinton and the Soldiers' Tubercular Sanatorium was created in Sulphur, OK. These became the mainstays of tuberculosis treatment in Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
The City of Clinton donated 100 acres of land one mile south of the city for the Western Oklahoma Tuberculosis Sanatorium which opened April 3, 1922 with beds for 100 patients. <br />
<br />
In 1931, the Negro sanatorium at Boley, OK closed and patients were given a seperated building at Western State Sanatorium.<br />
<br />
By the time it closed in 1975, it had grown to 356 beds. The Clinton Veterans Center now occupies these grounds; few of the WOTS buildings that were in operation are still on the grounds.<br />
<br />
==Cemetery==<br />
<br />
The cemetery is located on the Veterans Center property. It was severely overgrown and being used as part of a livestock grazing area. The grave markers are a flat concrete slabs with handmade brass plates attached to them. A group from the Southwestern State University unearthed grave markers with a metal detector in 2012. One marker had no plate attached to it and several graves were unmarked.<br />
<br />
==Images==<br />
<gallery><br />
<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
[[Category:Oklahoma]]<br />
[[Category:Preserved Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Cottage Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Edwin_Shaw_Hospital&diff=22492Edwin Shaw Hospital2013-07-12T21:30:51Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Edwin Shaw Hospital<br />
| image = EdwinShaw.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1910<br />
| construction_began = 1910<br />
| construction_ended =<br />
| opened = 1915<br />
| closed = Sanitarium, 1960; Hospital, 2010<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institution|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Akron, Ohio<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =</br><br />
* Springfield Lake Sanitarium<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===History===<br />
<br />
Construction began on the Springfield Lake Sanitarium in 1910 following the passing of a 1908 Ohio law that forbid tuberculosis patients from being treated in the same facilities as general medical cases and required counties to provide for their treatment. The Springfield facility was originally constructed on a one hundred acre parcel acquired by Summit, Stark, Portage, Columbiana, and Mahoning County commissioners. In 1915 the facility opened it's doors to seventy-two patients, a capacity later enlarged to 200. In 1919 Summit County bought out the shares of the other four counties. Service further expanded in 1922 when Sunshine Cottage was opened to serve pediatric tuberculosis cases; the program continued to operate until 1947. In 1934 the facility was renamed in honor of philanthropist Edwin Shaw, a name that would stick with the institution to this day. In 1959 a law was passed allowing tuberculosis hospitals in Ohio to admit general medical cases and by 1960 most patients were of that nature. At this point Edwin Shaw gradually began the transition to rehabilitative services, eventually becoming Edwin Shaw Rehabilitative Institute after the hospital relocated to Cuyahoga Falls in 2009. Today, the original hospital complex still stands abandoned in the outskirts of Akron.<br />
<br />
==Photo Gallery==<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
file:1147_29.jpg<br />
file:Sunshinecottage.jpg<br />
file:1358880811_3210_SS.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===References===<br />
* http://www.akrongeneral.org/portal/page/portal/AGMC_PAGEGROUP/Clinical_services/EDWIN_SHAW_REHAB/ESR_Quality/History_of_Excellence<br />
* Photo Credit: http://drc.uakron.edu/handle/2374.UAKRON/14066<br />
* Photo Credit: http://www.summitmemory.org/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/clinefelter&CISOPTR=1829&REC=6<br />
* Photo Credit: http://www.summitmemory.org/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/clinefelter&CISOPTR=1832&REC=7<br />
<br />
[[Category:Ohio]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Edwin_Shaw_Hospital&diff=22491Edwin Shaw Hospital2013-07-12T21:23:16Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: Created page with "{{infobox institution | name = Edwin Shaw Hospital | image = EdwinShaw.jpg | image_size = 250px | alt = | caption = | established = 1910 | construction_began = 1910 | construct..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Edwin Shaw Hospital<br />
| image = EdwinShaw.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1910<br />
| construction_began = 1910<br />
| construction_ended =<br />
| opened = 1915<br />
| closed = Sanitarium, 1960; Hospital, 2010<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Plan Institution|Rambling]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Akron, Ohio<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =</br><br />
* Springfield Lake Sanitarium<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===History===<br />
<br />
Construction began on the Springfield Lake Sanitarium in 1910 following the passing of a 1908 Ohio law that forbid tuberculosis patients from being treated in the same facilities as general medical cases and required counties to provide for their treatment. The Springfield facility was originally constructed on a one hundred acre parcel acquired by Summit, Stark, Portage, Columbiana, and Mahoning County commissioners. In 1915 the facility opened it's doors to seventy-two patients, a capacity later enlarged to 200. In 1919 Summit County bought out the shares of the other four counties. Service further expanded in 1922 when Sunshine Cottage was opened to serve pediatric tuberculosis cases; the program continued to operate until 1947. In 1934 the facility was renamed in honor of philanthropist Edwin Shaw, a name that would stick with the institution to this day. In 1959 a law was passed allowing tuberculosis hospitals in Ohio to admit general medical cases and by 1960 most patients were of that nature. At this point Edwin Shaw gradually began the transition to rehabilitative services, eventually becoming Edwin Shaw Rehabilitative Institute after the hospital relocated to Cuyahoga Falls in 2009. Today, the original hospital complex still stands abandoned in the outskirts of Akron.<br />
<br />
==Photo Gallery==<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
file:1147_29.jpg<br />
file:Sunshinecottage.jpg<br />
file:1358880811_3210_SS.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===References===<br />
* http://www.akrongeneral.org/portal/page/portal/AGMC_PAGEGROUP/Clinical_services/EDWIN_SHAW_REHAB/ESR_Quality/History_of_Excellence<br />
* Photo Credit: http://drc.uakron.edu/handle/2374.UAKRON/14066<br />
* Photo Credit: http://www.summitmemory.org/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/clinefelter&CISOPTR=1829&REC=6<br />
* Photo Credit: http://www.summitmemory.org/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/clinefelter&CISOPTR=1832&REC=7<br />
<br />
[[Category:Ohio]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:Sunshinecottage.jpg&diff=22490File:Sunshinecottage.jpg2013-07-12T21:16:48Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
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<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:EdwinShaw.jpg&diff=22489File:EdwinShaw.jpg2013-07-12T21:13:53Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:1358880811_3210_SS.jpg&diff=22488File:1358880811 3210 SS.jpg2013-07-12T21:00:58Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:1147_29.jpg&diff=22487File:1147 29.jpg2013-07-12T20:57:41Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Ohio&diff=22454Ohio2013-07-12T18:03:46Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* Sanitariums */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox state<br />
| Name = Ohio<br />
| flag = 480px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png<br />
| flagAlt = Flag of Ohio<br />
| seal = 390px-Seal_of_Ohio.svg.png<br />
| sealAlt = Seal of Ohio<br />
| Motto = With God, all things are possible<br />
| Map = 286px-Map_of_USA_OH.svg.png<br />
| MapAlt = <br />
| Nickname = The Buckeye State; The Mother of Presidents; Birthplace of Aviation; The Heart of It All<br />
| Capital = Columbus<br />
| LargestCity = Columbus<br />
| Total_Area_mile = 44,825 sq mi<br />
| Total_Area_km = 116,096<br />
| Width_mile = 220 <br />
| Width_km = 355<br />
| Length_mile = 220<br />
| Length_km = 355<br />
| total_state_population = 11,542,645 (2009 est.<br />
| total_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| year_past_peak_pop = <br />
| past_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| total_number_mental_health_institutions = <br />
| current_number_public_institutions = <br />
| current_number_private_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_state_hospitals = <br />
| peak_state_hospitals = <br />
| year_peak_state_schools = <br />
| peak_state_schools = <br />
| year_peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
| peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== State Hospitals ==<br />
<br />
* [[Apple Creek State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Athens State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Cleveland State Hospital]]<br />
* Cleveland Receiving Hospital<br />
* [[Columbus State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Dayton State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Hawthornden State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Lima State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Longview State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Massillon State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Ohio Hospital for Epileptics]]<br />
* [[Orient Institute]]<br />
* [[Tiffin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Toledo State Hospital]]<br />
* Woodside Receiving Hospital<br />
<br />
== State Schools ==<br />
<br />
* [[Boys Industrial School at Lancaster]]<br />
* [[Columbus Feeble Minded Institute]]<br />
* [[Gallipolis Epileptic Hospital]]<br />
* [[Girls Industrial School at Delaware]]<br />
<br />
== Private Institutions ==<br />
<br />
* [[Oxford Retreat]]<br />
* [[St. Francis Hospital]]<br />
<br />
== Sanitariums ==<br />
<br />
* [[Cincinnati Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Hamilton County Tuberculosis Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Ohio State Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Molly Stark Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Sunny Acres Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Edwin Shaw Hospital]]<br />
<br />
==County Institutions==<br />
<br />
* [[Adams County Farm]]<br />
* [[Allen County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Ashland County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Ashtabula County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Athens County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Auglaize County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Belmont County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Brown County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Butler County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Carroll County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Champaign County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Clark County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Clermont County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Clinton County Home]]<br />
* [[Columbiana County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Coshocton County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Crawford County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Cuyahoga County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Darke County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Defiance County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Delaware County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Erie County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Fairfield County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Fayette County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Franklin County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Fulton County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Gallia County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Geauga County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Greene County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Guernsey County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Hamilton County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Hancock County Farm]]<br />
* [[Hardin County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Harrison County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Henry County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Highland County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Hocking County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Holmes County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Huron County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Jackson County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Jefferson County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Knox County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Lake County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Lawrence County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Licking County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Logan County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Lorain County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Lucas County Infirmary and Hospital]]<br />
* [[Madison County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Mahoning County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Marion County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Medina County Home]]<br />
* [[Meigs County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Mercer County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Miami County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Monroe County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Montgomery County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Morgan County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Morrow County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Muskingum County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Noble County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Ottawa County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Paulding County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Perry County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Pickaway County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Pike County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Portage County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Preble County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Putnam County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Richland County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Ross County Home]]<br />
* [[Sandusky County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Scioto County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Seneca County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Shelby County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Stark County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Summit County Home]]<br />
* [[Trumbull County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Tuscarawas County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Union County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Van Wert County Poorhouse]]<br />
* [[Vinton County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Warren County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Washington County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Wayne County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Williams County Poor Farm]]<br />
* [[Wood County Infirmary]]<br />
* [[Wyandot County Poor Farm]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:United States of America]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=West_Virginia&diff=22452West Virginia2013-07-12T16:32:54Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox state<br />
| Name = West Virginia<br />
| flag = 760px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| flagAlt = Flag of West Virginia<br />
| seal = 275px-Seal_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| sealAlt = Seal of West Virgina<br />
| Motto = Montani semper liberi (mountaineers are always free)<br />
| Map = 286px-Map_of_USA_WV.svg.png<br />
| MapAlt = <br />
| Nickname = Mountain State<br />
| Capital = Charleston<br />
| LargestCity = Charleston<br />
| Total_Area_mile = 24,230<br />
| Total_Area_km = 62,755<br />
| Width_mile = 130 <br />
| Width_km = 210<br />
| Length_mile = 240<br />
| Length_km = 385<br />
| total_state_population = 1,819,777 (2009 est.)<br />
| total_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| year_past_peak_pop = <br />
| past_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| total_number_mental_health_institutions = <br />
| current_number_public_institutions = <br />
| current_number_private_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_state_hospitals = 1959 <br />
| peak_state_hospitals = 5<br />
| year_peak_state_schools = 1954<br />
| peak_state_schools = 4<br />
| year_peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
| peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== State Hospitals ==<br />
<br />
* [[Barboursville State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Huntington State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Spencer State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Weston State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Denmar Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Hopemont State Hospital]] <br />
* Berkeley Springs Sanitarium<br />
* [[Pinecrest Sanitarium]]<br />
<br />
== State Schools ==<br />
<br />
* [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
* West Virginia Training School<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Girls<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Boys<br />
<br />
== Emergency Hospitals ==<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* Welch Emergency Hospital<br />
* McKendree Mining Hospital No. 1<br />
<br />
== Sanitariums ==<br />
<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]]<br />
* Sweet Springs Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Ohio County Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Grand View Sanitarium<br />
* Eastmont Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Hill Crest Sanitarium<br />
<br />
[[Category:United States of America]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=West_Virginia&diff=22451West Virginia2013-07-12T16:12:15Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* State Hospital */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox state<br />
| Name = West Virginia<br />
| flag = 760px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| flagAlt = Flag of West Virginia<br />
| seal = 275px-Seal_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| sealAlt = Seal of West Virgina<br />
| Motto = Montani semper liberi (mountaineers are always free)<br />
| Map = 286px-Map_of_USA_WV.svg.png<br />
| MapAlt = <br />
| Nickname = Mountain State<br />
| Capital = Charleston<br />
| LargestCity = Charleston<br />
| Total_Area_mile = 24,230<br />
| Total_Area_km = 62,755<br />
| Width_mile = 130 <br />
| Width_km = 210<br />
| Length_mile = 240<br />
| Length_km = 385<br />
| total_state_population = 1,819,777 (2009 est.)<br />
| total_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| year_past_peak_pop = <br />
| past_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| total_number_mental_health_institutions = <br />
| current_number_public_institutions = <br />
| current_number_private_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_state_hospitals = 1959 <br />
| peak_state_hospitals = 5<br />
| year_peak_state_schools = 1954<br />
| peak_state_schools = 4<br />
| year_peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
| peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== State Hospitals ==<br />
<br />
* [[Barboursville State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Huntington State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Spencer State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Weston State Hospital]]<br />
<br />
== State Schools ==<br />
<br />
* [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
* West Virginia Training School<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Girls<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Boys<br />
<br />
== Emergency Hospitals ==<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* Welch Emergency Hospital<br />
* McKendree Mining Hospital No. 1<br />
<br />
== Sanitariums ==<br />
<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Denmar Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Hopemont State Hospital]] <br />
* Sweet Springs Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Berkeley Springs Sanitarium<br />
* Pinecrest Sanitarium<br />
* Ohio County Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Grand View Sanitarium<br />
* Eastmont Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Hill Crest Sanitarium<br />
<br />
[[Category:United States of America]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=West_Virginia&diff=22450West Virginia2013-07-12T16:08:27Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* Sanitariums */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox state<br />
| Name = West Virginia<br />
| flag = 760px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| flagAlt = Flag of West Virginia<br />
| seal = 275px-Seal_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| sealAlt = Seal of West Virgina<br />
| Motto = Montani semper liberi (mountaineers are always free)<br />
| Map = 286px-Map_of_USA_WV.svg.png<br />
| MapAlt = <br />
| Nickname = Mountain State<br />
| Capital = Charleston<br />
| LargestCity = Charleston<br />
| Total_Area_mile = 24,230<br />
| Total_Area_km = 62,755<br />
| Width_mile = 130 <br />
| Width_km = 210<br />
| Length_mile = 240<br />
| Length_km = 385<br />
| total_state_population = 1,819,777 (2009 est.)<br />
| total_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| year_past_peak_pop = <br />
| past_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| total_number_mental_health_institutions = <br />
| current_number_public_institutions = <br />
| current_number_private_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_state_hospitals = 1959 <br />
| peak_state_hospitals = 5<br />
| year_peak_state_schools = 1954<br />
| peak_state_schools = 4<br />
| year_peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
| peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== State Hospital ==<br />
<br />
* [[Barboursville State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Huntington State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Spencer State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Weston State Hospital]]<br />
<br />
== State Schools ==<br />
<br />
* [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
* West Virginia Training School<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Girls<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Boys<br />
<br />
== Emergency Hospitals ==<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* Welch Emergency Hospital<br />
* McKendree Mining Hospital No. 1<br />
<br />
== Sanitariums ==<br />
<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Denmar Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Hopemont State Hospital]] <br />
* Sweet Springs Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Berkeley Springs Sanitarium<br />
* Pinecrest Sanitarium<br />
* Ohio County Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Grand View Sanitarium<br />
* Eastmont Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Hill Crest Sanitarium<br />
<br />
[[Category:United States of America]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Spencer_State_Hospital&diff=11820Spencer State Hospital2011-10-26T00:34:15Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Spencer State Hospital<br />
| image = SpencerSH 02 Modified.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = <br />
| construction_began = 1893<br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = <br />
| closed = 1989<br />
| demolished = 2004<br />
| current_status = [[Demolished Institution|Demolished]] <br />
| building_style = [[Kirkbride Planned Institutions|Kirkbride Plan]] <br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = <br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 1,030 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names = <br />
Second Hospital for Insane <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
In 1885, the state legislature began hearings on the need for a Second Hospital for the Insane. The first hospital for the insane was built at Weston in 1859. Because of overcrowded conditions, it was determined that a second facility was needed. They appointed a commission to choose several sites and present their findings at the next session in 1887. John G Schilling, a Spencer attorney, was among the members of the commission.<br />
<br />
One of the factors that would determine the final selection of a site was the willingness of the county government to purchase the necessary land and donate it to the state free of charge. Roane County was enthusiastic with the prospect of obtaining the hospital. The Roane County Court immediately issued an order stating that they would indeed be willing to meet this requirement.<br />
<br />
The decision on the hospital's location was not made until the legislative session of 1887. Spencer was eventually chosen as the site of the new hospital. The legislature approved an appropriation of $10,000 to begin construction. The county was now required to provide the land for the facility. On February 10, 1888, the county court purchased 184 acres of land from William R. Goff for the sum of $9,200. Goff, after receiving this large sum of money began looking for a safe repository for his money. Goff and several other citizens joined together to form the Bank of Spencer. It opened for business in March 1891. The county's first bank was designated to handle the funds for the construction of the new hospital. It also later handled the state hospital's regular transactions. The building was 1/4 mile in length. It was sometimes referred to as the longest continuous brick building in America. Bricks for the hospital's Gothic structure were made on the grounds. Native Roane County stone hand cut by Henry Waldeck and Lee Kelley was used for facings and adornments. The slate roof was adorned with cupolas which were typical of the period. The administration building stood four stories high and was topped with two round towers. On each side of the administration building were the two three-story wards, one for men and one for women. The building was completed in 1893 at a total cost of $93,393.<br />
<br />
The state's Second Hospital for the Insane was opened on July 18, 1893. At the time of the opening, 54 patients were admitted to the new facility. By 1899 the number of patients had increased to 389 and by 1910 to 696. Some of the disorders patients were admitted for were alcoholic excess, overwork, senility, hereditary insanity, worry, ill health, head injuries, syphilis, epilepsy, paralysis, morphia, cocaine use, cholera, disease of the uterus, pneumonia, bereavement, typhoid fever, tuberculosis and childbed fever.<br />
<br />
For the first ten years the open door system was used. No doors were locked and some doors were even removed. This system was considered a success. Even though this open door system was very successful a fence was erected around the hospital to separate the patients from the town. Many of the patients were able to work. They worked in the kitchen, laundry, sewing rooms, lawns, gardens and on the farm. The 15 acres of farm and woodlands were used for grazing of a fine dairy herd, fattening hogs, and raising poultry, as well as, supporting large gardens. The gardens produced enough to feed patients and staff during summer, with extra vegetables and canned goods for the winter.<br />
<br />
In the early 1920's the name of the institution was changed to the Spencer State Hospital. In 1937 a five bed hospital clinic was added. By 1941, reports show that over 9,000 persons had been treated there. Many persons without families lived most of their lives in the institution and were buried in unmarked graves. Many of the patients were not mentally ill. Among those were elderly persons and unwanted children. In 1950, a staff of three doctors and 150 psychiatric aides were caring for 1,200 patients.<br />
<br />
In the 1950's the number of employees increased. An assistant to the superintendent, social workers, a dietician, a psychologist, a psychiatrist, a registered nurse, and a beautician were added. An 85 bed clinic was constructed in 1952. A hospital library, the first and largest in a state institution, was built along with a women's dormitory.<br />
<br />
In 1959 the employees began working eight hours a day and they no longer were required to pay a maintenance fee. Before 1959 they worked six days a week, 12 hours a day. They were paid $90 a month, from which a $50 maintenance fee for room, board, and uniforms were deducted, whether the employee lived on or off the grounds. About 1959, workers began to replace the structure's original slate roof with its cupolas and other ornaments with a flat roof. This radically altered the appearance of the hospital. The administration building was torn down and replaced with a modern administration and food service complex between 1973 and 1976. This also changed the view of the hospital greatly.<br />
<br />
Spencer State Hospital's function had become provision of custodial care rather than serving its patients as a therapeutic treatment center. This situation would prove to be the seed of the facility's eventual destruction. For more than 30 years attempts were made to free the hospital to fulfill a treatment mission again. All attempts failed. Spencer State Hospital's late years saw the citizens of Roane County united in a battle to save the hospital, much as they united to bring the hospital to Roane County nearly a hundred years ago. In June 1989, the closure of Spencer State Hospital came quietly and an important chapter in the history of Roane County came to an end. The townspeople can no longer depend on the State Hospital whistle to remind them of lunch time and the end of the day. For the whistle is also silent.<br />
<br />
== Images of Spencer State Hospital ==<br />
{{image gallery|[[Spencer State Hospital Image Gallery|Spencer State Hospital]]}}<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:0507.jpg<br />
File:Spencer1927.jpg<br />
File:Spencerwomenswing.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
*[http://www.wvculture.org/history/government/spencer03.html Roane County Reporter article]<br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Demolished Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Kirkbride Buildings]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Weston_State_Hospital&diff=11819Weston State Hospital2011-10-26T00:30:57Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Weston State Hospital<br />
| image = Westsh.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = <br />
| construction_began = March 22, 1858<br />
| construction_ended = 1881<br />
| opened = October 22, 1859<br />
| closed = May 1994<br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]] and [[Preserved Institution|Preserved]] <br />
| building_style = [[Kirkbride Planned Institutions|Kirkbride Plan]] <br />
| architect(s) = Richard Snowden Andrews<br />
| location = Weston, WV<br />
| architecture_style = Gothic Revival, Tudor Revival<br />
| peak_patient_population = 2400 est. (2300 in 1961)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Lunatic Asylum West of the Allegheny Mountains<br />
*Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum<br />
*West Virginia Hospital for the Insane <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
'''From a 1916 Report by Henry Hurd:'''<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=aPssAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=editions:UOM39015005122398&client=firefox-a#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref><BR><br />
This was West Virginia's first public institution. Its construction was begun by the State of Virginia before the separation of West Virginia from the mother state, the first appropriation having been made by the Legislature of Virginia, March 22, 1858. The institution was opened October 22, 1859, when nine patients were brought from Ohio, where they had been in temporary care awaiting the completion of the hospital. Dr. R. Hills, formerly of the Central Ohio Insane Asylum, was made superintendent and Dr. N. B. Barnes, assistant.<br />
<br />
In the first years of its history the institution was encompassed with many difficulties. Not only were there financial troubles, but Confederate soldiers in a raid appropriated the blankets belonging to the patients, and in a second raid a ward was destroyed. The people of Weston very generously came to the rescue and contributed their own blankets to fill the temporary needs, public acknowledgment of which was made by the superintendent in his report. In 1868 the population of the hospital was 40; since that date there has been a continual increase in the number of inmates, and a corresponding increase in the appropriation for running expenses, until at the present time the population of the institution is 1023.<br />
<br />
The grounds belonging to the hospital contain about 335 acres, and front about 2000 feet on the West Fork River, opposite the town of Weston, and extend back to the north to a depth sufficient for this acreage. With the exception of the site on which the buildings are located, which extends back from the river about 800 feet, the land is very steep and entirely unsuitable for tillage. A very small portion of it is used for gardening, but in the main it is used for grazing.<br />
<br />
There are two producing gas wells upon the property, supplying abundant gas for all the needs of the institution, which were discovered in an effort to secure water by boring deep wells. The water supply is something of a problem with this institution, because the only source of supply is the West Fork River. The recent erection of a very large reservoir upon a high point of the hill in the rear of the building has solved the question of storage. So much filtering is needed, however, that it is difficult to get the water entirely free from sediment. There are some shallow drilled wells upon the premises, which are of considerable value in times of drought.<br />
<br />
The general hospital building consists of a central portion—the administration building with wings extending on either side north and south. The corridors connect all the wards with each other and with the central building. The main building, erected of native blue sandstone, is 1290 feet in length and 125 feet deep. The auxiliary buildings are of brick and are located in the rear of the main buildings.<br />
<BR><BR><br />
In the rear of the main building are:<BR><br />
1. The Atkinson Building, erected in 1897, three stories in height, containing three wards, all used for male patients.<BR><br />
2. A three-story brick building, containing two wards, one for male colored patients, the other for female colored patients.<BR><br />
3. A laundry building, occupied by the laundry, with a plumbing shop and power plant in the basement.<BR><br />
4. An electric power house, a one-story brick building, containing the electric light machinery, ice plant and three cold storage rooms.<BR><br />
5. A patients' kitchen, 45 by 75 feet, equipped with the necessary outfit for the cooking, which must be done on a large scale for such an institution.<BR><br />
6. A sick patients' kitchen.<BR><br />
7. A bake shop, a one-story brick building, containing oven, dough mixer, engine and other necessary utensils.<BR><br />
8. A store room, a two-story brick building, the lower floor containing the main store room, clothes-cutting room and sewing room; the upper floor is used as an attendants' dining room, with kitchen attached. This building is in bad condition.<BR><br />
9. A morgue; the morgue is a stone building for the reception of the bodies of patients dying in the house.<BR><br />
10. A hose house; a small frame building containing all the hose and fire fighting apparatus.<BR><br />
11. Greenhouses<BR><br />
12. Barn; this is a frame structure; part of it is used for horses and the remainder for cows.<BR><br />
<BR><br />
<BR><br />
'''From Wikipedia:'''<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Allegheny_Lunatic_Asylum</ref><BR><br />
The hospital was authorized by the Virginia General Assembly in the early 1850s as the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum. Following consultations with Thomas Story Kirkbride, then-superintendent of the Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane, a building in the Kirkbride Plan was designed in the Gothic Revival and Tudor Revival styles by Richard Snowden Andrews (1830-1903), an architect from Baltimore whose other commissions included the Maryland Governor's residence in Annapolis and the south wing of the U.S. Treasury building in Washington. Construction on the site, along the West Fork River opposite downtown Weston, began in late 1858. Work was initially conducted by prison laborers; a local newspaper in November of that year noted "seven convict negroes" as the first arrivals for work on the project. Skilled stonemasons were later brought in from Germany and Ireland.<br />
<br />
Construction was interrupted by the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861. Following its secession from the United States, the government of Virginia demanded the return of the hospital's unused construction funds for its defense; before this could occur, the 7th Ohio Volunteer Infantry seized the money from a local bank, delivering it to Wheeling, where it was put toward the establishment of the Reorganized Government of Virginia, which sided with the northern states during the war. The Reorganized Government appropriated money to resume construction in 1862; following the admission of West Virginia as a U.S. state in 1863, the hospital was renamed the West Virginia Hospital for the Insane. The first patients were admitted in October 1864, but construction continued into 1881. The 200-foot (61 m) central clock tower was completed in 1871, and separate rooms for black people were completed in 1873. The hospital was intended to be self-sufficient, and a farm, dairy, waterworks, and cemetery were located on its grounds, which ultimately reached 666 acres (266 ha) in area. A gas well was drilled on the grounds in 1902. Its name was again changed to Weston State Hospital in 1913.<br />
<br />
Originally designed to house 250 patients in solitude, the hospital held 717 patients by 1880; 1,661 in 1938; over 1,800 in 1949; and, at its peak, 2,400 in the 1950s in overcrowded conditions. A 1938 report by a survey committee organized by a group of North American medical organizations found that the hospital housed "epileptics, alcoholics, drug addicts and non-educable mental defectives" among its population. A series of reports by The Charleston Gazette in 1949 found poor sanitation and insufficient furniture, lighting, and heating in much of the complex, while one wing, which had been rebuilt using Works Progress Administration funds following a 1935 fire started by a patient, was comparatively luxurious.<br />
<br />
By the 1980s, the hospital had a reduced population due to changes in the treatment of mental illness. In 1986, then-Governor Arch Moore announced plans to build a new psychiatric facility elsewhere in the state and convert the Weston hospital to a prison. Ultimately the new facility, the William R. Sharpe Jr. Hospital, was built in Weston and the old Weston State Hospital was simply closed, in May 1994. The building and its grounds have since been mostly vacant, aside from local events such as fairs, church revivals, and tours. In 1999, all four floors of the interior of the building were damaged by several city and county police officers playing paintball, three of whom were dismissed over the incident.<br />
<br />
Efforts toward adaptive reuse of the building have included proposals to convert the building into a Civil War Museum and a hotel and golf course complex. A non-profit 501(c)3 organization, the Weston Hospital Revitalization Committee, was formed in 2000 for the purpose of aiding in preservation of the building and finding appropriate tenants. Three small museums devoted to military history, toys, and mental health were opened on the first floor of the building in 2004, but were soon forced to close due to fire code violations.<br />
<br />
The hospital was auctioned by the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources on August 29, 2007. Joe Jordan, an asbestos demolition contractor from Morgantown, was the high bidder and paid $1.5 million for the 242,000-square-foot (22,500 m2) building. Bidding started at $500,000. Joe Jordan has also begun maintenance projects on the former hospital grounds. In October 2007,a Fall Fest was held at the Weston State Hospital. Guided daytime tours were offered as well as a haunted hospital tour at night, a haunted hayride and a treasure hunt starting on the hospital front porch. Family hayrides, arts and crafts and local music were also offered.<br />
<br />
The owners are now offering tours 7-days-a-week, haunted tours on Friday nights, and overnight stays on Saturdays.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Images of Weston State Hospital ==<br />
{{image gallery|[[Weston State Hospital Image Gallery|Weston State Hospital]]}}<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Weston Hist 1906.jpg<br />
File:Weston Hist 1904 MainHall.jpg<br />
File:WestonSH PC 1950s.jpg<br />
File:WSH 2008 011.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
==Videos==<br />
<videoflash type="vimeo">7098527</videoflash><br />
<br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
*[http://www.trans-alleghenylunaticasylum.com/ Official Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum Website]<br />
*[http://photography.thomas-industriesinc.com/AB_Weston.htm Contemporary photos taken in 2007 & 2008]<br />
*[http://www.abandonedmidwest.net/westvirginia.htm Pre-auction photos]<br />
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weston_State_Hospital Weston State Hospital @ Wikipedia]<br />
*[http://www.kirkbridebuildings.com/buildings/weston/ Weston State Hospital @ Kirkbridebuildings.com]<br />
*[http://forgottenphotography.com/weston/index.html Weston State Hospital @ Forgotten Photography]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Kirkbride Buildings]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Preserved Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Articles With Videos]]<br />
[[Category:Past Featured Article Of The Week]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Hopemont_State_Hospital&diff=11818Hopemont State Hospital2011-10-26T00:27:45Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Hopemont State Hospital<br />
| image = 1930.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established =<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended =<br />
| opened =<br />
| closed =<br />
| demolished =<br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Cottage Planned Institutions|Cottage Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) =<br />
| location =<br />
| architecture_style =<br />
| peak_patient_population =<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*West Virginia State Tuberculosis Sanitarium <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Hopemont is an unincorporated community in Preston County, West Virginia, United States. It is located to the east of Terra Alta and is the home of Hopemont State Hospital, originally created as the West Virginia State Tuberculosis Sanitarium, Hopemont accepted all ages of white Tuberculosis sufferers. According to the Geographic Names Information System, Hopemont has also been known as Rinards Crossing. Originally built to care for the state's citizens with tuberculosis. Hopemont has operated as a Medicaid certified long-term nursing facility since 1987.<br />
<br />
The 600 acre tract owned by the state hospital provided land for the farm operated by many southern institutions into the 1970s. In addition to four wards in the main hospital itself, Hopemont was also home to the Conley Hospital for maximum security inmates suffering from tuberculosis. Two of the wards were set aside for children, with a capacity of fifty each and a qualified teacher to continue courses to the secondary level.<br />
<br />
== Images of Hopemont State Hospital ==<br />
{{image gallery|[[Hopemont State Hospital Image Gallery|Hopemont State Hospital]]}}<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Hopemont01.png<br />
File:Hopemont002.jpg<br />
File:Hopemont 012.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
== Links & Additional Information ==<br />
[http://arch.thomas-industriesinc.com/Bldg_HopemontState_WV.htm Vintage & historical photos of the hospital]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Active Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Cottage Plan]]<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Huntington_State_Hospital&diff=11817Huntington State Hospital2011-10-26T00:23:39Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Huntington State Hospital<br />
| image = Huntingtonmale.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established =<br />
| construction_began = 1897<br />
| construction_ended =<br />
| opened = 1901<br />
| closed =<br />
| demolished =<br />
| current_status = [[Active Institution|Active]]<br />
| building_style = [[Cottage Planned Institutions|Cottage Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) =<br />
| location =<br />
| architecture_style =<br />
| peak_patient_population = 1,300 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Home for Incurables<br />
*West Virginia Asylum<br />
*Huntington Hospital<br />
*Mildred Mitchell-Bateman Hospital <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Huntington Hospital was created by an act of the legislature in 1897, making it the second oldest hospital in the State of West Virginia. When established, it was called the Home for Incurables; this was later changed to the Huntington State Hospital. On October 2, 1999, the name of the hospital was again changed to the Mildred Mitchell-Bateman? Hospital.<br />
<br />
In the 1950's, the hospital had a mixed population with a census of nearly 1,800; approximately one-third were developmentally disabled, and one-third were geriatric. The Hospital has gradually reduced its inpatient population; this reflects the national movement towards deinstitutionalization and community based pro- grams. This effort was greatly enhanced by the attention generated for mental health services through a class action suit resulting in the Hartley Consent Degree. In 1977, a complete reorganization of the hospital began with emphasis on specialization of direct care services. In 1978, an affiliation agreement was signed with the Marshall University School of Medicine - the first step toward developing Huntington Hospital's potential to become a teaching institution.<br />
<br />
In 1988, this hospital became the first (state-operated) psychiatric hospital in West Virginia to be accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations.<br />
<br />
In February 1990, the effort to reduce inpatient beds was completed with the closure of the units in Building 3 where long-term mentally ill patients were hospitalized. From this point, the hospital became a 90-bed facility.<br />
<br />
In December 1990, initial certification for the hospital with the Health Care Financing Authority was granted.<br />
<br />
The hospital has provided treatment, education and referral services for dually diagnosed mentally ill substance abuse patients (MICA) since January 1997.<br />
<br />
==Images==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Huntingtonmale1.jpg<br />
File:Huntingtonrecreation.jpg<br />
File:Huntingtonwomen.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==Links==<br />
*[http://www.batemanhospital.org/ The Hospital's web page is located here]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Active Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Cottage Plan]]<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Denmar_Sanitarium&diff=11816Denmar Sanitarium2011-10-26T00:20:23Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Denmar Sanitarium<br />
| image = Denmar.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established =<br />
| construction_began = 1917<br />
| construction_ended =<br />
| opened =<br />
| closed = 1990<br />
| demolished =<br />
| current_status = [[Active Institution|Active]]<br />
| building_style = [[Cottage Planned Institutions|Cottage Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) =<br />
| location = <br />
| architecture_style =<br />
| peak_patient_population = 180 (1961 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
February 16, 1917, the legislature approved the establishment of a similar facility for African Americans. The West Virginia Board of Control purchased 185 acres of land and several buildings at Denmar in Pocahontas County from the Maryland Lumber Company. Denmar was chosen for it's high altitudes, which were beneficial to those with lung diseases. In January 1919, the West Virginia Colored Tuberculosis Sanitarium at Denmar admitted its first patients. However, the hospital accepted only those who could pay for their own care, creating hardships for many tuberculosis sufferers. Some patients arrived at the sanitariums by order of city or county governments, which were trying to contain the disease. The West Virginia Penitentiary also sent prisoners to the sanitariums to avoid infecting other inmates.<br />
<br />
The number of patients at Denmar grew quickly and forced the state to add children's dormitories and a school . To alleviate overcrowding, the legislature funded a new building in 1937. Medical science gradually developed more effective means to diagnose and treat tuberculosis. In 1957, the state converted Denmar to a hospital for the chronically ill and moved the remaining tuberculosis patients to the newly integrated Hopemont facility. Between 1960 and 1961 Denmar saw it's population nearly double from 100 to 180. In 1965, the Hopemont Sanitarium also became a hospital for the chronically ill but continued to admit tuberculosis patients. The Denmar State Hospital closed in 1990 and was converted to a correctional facility in 1993.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Active Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Cottage Plan]]<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Barboursville_State_Hospital&diff=11815Barboursville State Hospital2011-10-26T00:11:17Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Barboursville State Hospital<br />
| image = OldBarboursvilleStateHospnowVetHome.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1941<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = 1935<br />
| opened = January 20, 1942<br />
| closed = <br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Barboursville, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 397 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Barboursville Unit of the Weston State Hospital<br />
*Barboursville Unit of the Huntington State Hospital (1947)<br />
*Barboursville Veterans' Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In 1941, the State of West Virginia purchased 23.76 acres of land in the Cabell County town of Barboursville. Part of that property included two buildings formerly dorms of Morris Harvey College, which had moved to Charleston in 1935 and would eventually become the University of Charleston. It would take a year to recondition these buildings and install the necessary fixtures. The hospital's original designation was the Barboursville Unit of the Weston State Hospital upon opening January 20, 1942. By August 1st of that year the hospital had reached it's capacity of 270 patients. The state soon made further renovations to accommodate 315 patients.<br />
<br />
Renamed the Barboursville Unit of the Huntington State Hospital by the state legislature in 1947, Barboursville would also receive a new administration building and a new storage building. Finally receiving its last name during the 1949 session of the state legislature, the hospital also was appropriated a separate laundry building and renovations for the existing structures. These changes removed the last administrative functions from the dormitory buildings to the Admin Building, increasing the capacity once again to 402 beds. In 1957 further funds were designated to construct a dormitory for male employees.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
== Known Staff ==<br />
Dr. Charles Hamner, MD: Superintendent, ??? - 1960<br><br />
Dr. Raymond H. Curry, MD: Physician, early 1960s<br><br />
Dr. W.D. Bourn, MD: Physician, early 1960s<br><br />
Mr. Bonafacio B. Gonzalez: Clinical director, 1961 - ???<br><br />
Mr. John Queen: Business Manager, early 1960s<br><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Lakin_State_Hospital&diff=11814Lakin State Hospital2011-10-26T00:08:27Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Lakin State Hospital<br />
| image = Lakin1942 .jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1919<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = 1926<br />
| opened = 1926<br />
| closed = late 1970s<br />
| demolished = Partially<br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Lakin, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 502 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Lakin Hospital (1970)<br />
*Lakin Hospital Nursing Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The Lakin State Hospital was created under the same legislation proposed by T.G. Nutter, Harry Capehart and T.J. Coleman, three African American legislators that created several state-funded reform institutions for African Americans between 1919 and 1921, that also created the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]] across WV 62 from the hospital. Like the industrial school that also bore the name of the town of Lakin, the state hospital was for African Americans only during segregation.<br />
<br />
In 1950, Lakin was visited along with the [[Huntington State Hospital]] and [[Spencer State Hospital]] by Dr. William Freeman, sometimes called the "Father of the American Lobotomy". During July and early August Dr. Freeman performed 228 lobotomies on patients at those facilities, including twenty 'very dangerous Negroes' at Lakin.<ref>[http://www.graveaddiction.com/lakin.html Brief history of Lakin]</ref><br />
<br />
In 1954, Lakin State Hospital began the process of integrating it's staff and patient population. It also assumed the duty of district hospital for Jackson, Mason, Putnam, and Wood counties in West Virginia. In 1960 the facilities consisted of two three story main buildings (separated by gender), a two story office building, cannery, a new office/dietary complex constructed in 1959, two staff dormitories, physician housing, and a short term treatment medical center. Along with those buildings, there were six older buildings that had been renovated structures serving as laundry, workshops, and recreation hall. By 1960 psychosurgical procedures were no longer practiced, replaced by group and recreational therapy and psychotherapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref> However, the hospital did still offer electro-convulsive therapy and insulin coma therapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 45th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1961. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
It's use as a mental hospital persisted into the late 1970s, until the State of West Virginia de-institutionalized mental healthcare. <ref>[http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1287 WV Encyclopedia Entry]</ref> Today the former Lakin State Hospital property is still owned by the Department of Health the Lakin Nursing Home, while many of the older buildings constructed by the state have now been demolished, including all traces of the former Industrial Home.<br />
<br />
== Confusion with the Industrial Home for Colored Boys ==<br />
<br />
In modern times, the state hospital is frequently confused with the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]. Proximity and similar names mean casual observers often mistook the abandoned Industrial Home building for being the state hospital. Matters are not helped since after the School's closing in 1955 the State Hospital took over the grounds in 1957, using the structures as employee housing, post office, and gymnasium.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 45th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1961. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
== Known Staff ==<br />
Dr. M. Mitchell Bateman, MD: Superintendent, ???-1960<br><br />
Dr. Kathryn A. Rainbow, MD: Superintendent, 1961-???<br><br />
Mr. G.E. Chamberlain, jr: Business Manager, ???-1960<br><br />
Mr. Lenzy G. Austin: Business Manager, 1961-???<br><br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Lakin state hospital up medium.jpg<br />
File:Lakin2.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
[[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Barboursville_State_Hospital&diff=11813Barboursville State Hospital2011-10-26T00:04:12Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Barboursville State Hospital<br />
| image = OldBarboursvilleStateHospnowVetHome.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1941<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = 1935<br />
| opened = January 20, 1942<br />
| closed = <br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Barboursville, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 397 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Barboursville Unit of the Weston State Hospital<br />
*Barboursville Unit of the Huntington State Hospital (1947)<br />
*Barboursville Veterans' Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In 1941, the State of West Virginia purchased 23.76 acres of land in the Cabell County town of Barboursville. Part of that property included two buildings formerly dorms of Morris Harvey College, which had moved to Charleston in 1935 and would eventually become the University of Charleston. It would take a year to recondition these buildings and install the necessary fixtures. The hospital's original designation was the Barboursville Unit of the Weston State Hospital upon opening January 20, 1942. By August 1st of that year the hospital had reached it's capacity of 270 patients. The state soon made further renovations to accommodate 315 patients.<br />
<br />
Renamed the Barboursville Unit of the Huntington State Hospital by the state legislature in 1947, Barboursville would also receive a new administration building and a new storage building. Finally receiving its last name during the 1949 session of the state legislature, the hospital also was appropriated a separate laundry building and renovations for the existing structures. These changes removed the last administrative functions from the dormitory buildings to the Admin Building, increasing the capacity once again to 402 beds. In 1957 further funds were designated to construct a dormitory for male employees.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Lakin_State_Hospital&diff=11812Lakin State Hospital2011-10-26T00:01:46Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Lakin State Hospital<br />
| image = Lakin1942 .jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1919<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = 1926<br />
| opened = 1926<br />
| closed = late 1970s<br />
| demolished = Partially<br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Lakin, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 502 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Lakin Hospital (1970)<br />
*Lakin Hospital Nursing Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The Lakin State Hospital was created under the same legislation proposed by T.G. Nutter, Harry Capehart and T.J. Coleman, three African American legislators that created several state-funded reform institutions for African Americans between 1919 and 1921, that also created the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]] across WV 62 from the hospital. Like the industrial school that also bore the name of the town of Lakin, the state hospital was for African Americans only during segregation.<br />
<br />
In 1950, Lakin was visited along with the [[Huntington State Hospital]] and [[Spencer State Hospital]] by Dr. William Freeman, sometimes called the "Father of the American Lobotomy". During July and early August Dr. Freeman performed 228 lobotomies on patients at those facilities, including twenty 'very dangerous Negroes' at Lakin.<ref>[http://www.graveaddiction.com/lakin.html Brief history of Lakin]</ref><br />
<br />
In 1954, Lakin State Hospital began the process of integrating it's staff and patient population. It also assumed the duty of district hospital for Jackson, Mason, Putnam, and Wood counties in West Virginia. In 1960 the facilities consisted of two three story main buildings (separated by gender), a two story office building, cannery, a new office/dietary complex constructed in 1959, two staff dormitories, physician housing, and a short term treatment medical center. Along with those buildings, there were six older buildings that had been renovated structures serving as laundry, workshops, and recreation hall. By 1960 psychosurgical procedures were no longer practiced, replaced by group and recreational therapy and psychotherapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref> However, the hospital did still offer electro-convulsive therapy and insulin coma therapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 45th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1961. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
It's use as a mental hospital persisted into the late 1970s, until the State of West Virginia de-institutionalized mental healthcare. <ref>[http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1287 WV Encyclopedia Entry]</ref> Today the former Lakin State Hospital property is still owned by the Department of Health the Lakin Nursing Home, while many of the older buildings constructed by the state have now been demolished, including all traces of the former Industrial Home.<br />
<br />
== Confusion with the Industrial Home for Colored Boys ==<br />
<br />
In modern times, the state hospital is frequently confused with the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]. Proximity and similar names mean casual observers often mistook the abandoned Industrial Home building for being the state hospital. Matters are not helped since after the School's closing in 1955 the State Hospital took over the grounds in 1957, using the structures as employee housing, post office, and gymnasium.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 45th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1961. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
== Known Staff ==<br />
Dr. M. Mitchell Bateman, MD: Superintendent, ???-1960<br />
Dr. Kathryn A. Rainbow, MD: Superintendent, 1961-???<br />
Mr. G.E. Chamberlain, jr: Business Manager, ???-1960<br />
Mr. Lenzy G. Austin: Business Manager, 1961-???<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Lakin state hospital up medium.jpg<br />
File:Lakin2.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
[[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Lakin_State_Hospital&diff=11811Lakin State Hospital2011-10-25T23:57:02Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* History */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Lakin State Hospital<br />
| image = Lakin1942 .jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1919<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = 1926<br />
| opened = 1926<br />
| closed = late 1970s<br />
| demolished = Partially<br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Lakin, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 502 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Lakin Hospital (1970)<br />
*Lakin Hospital Nursing Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The Lakin State Hospital was created under the same legislation proposed by T.G. Nutter, Harry Capehart and T.J. Coleman, three African American legislators that created several state-funded reform institutions for African Americans between 1919 and 1921, that also created the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]] across WV 62 from the hospital. Like the industrial school that also bore the name of the town of Lakin, the state hospital was for African Americans only during segregation.<br />
<br />
In 1950, Lakin was visited along with the [[Huntington State Hospital]] and [[Spencer State Hospital]] by Dr. William Freeman, sometimes called the "Father of the American Lobotomy". During July and early August Dr. Freeman performed 228 lobotomies on patients at those facilities, including twenty 'very dangerous Negroes' at Lakin.<ref>[http://www.graveaddiction.com/lakin.html Brief history of Lakin]</ref><br />
<br />
In 1954, Lakin State Hospital began the process of integrating it's staff and patient population. It also assumed the duty of district hospital for Jackson, Mason, Putnam, and Wood counties in West Virginia. In 1960 the facilities consisted of two three story main buildings (separated by gender), a two story office building, cannery, a new office/dietary complex constructed in 1959, two staff dormitories, physician housing, and a short term treatment medical center. Along with those buildings, there were six older buildings that had been renovated structures serving as laundry, workshops, and recreation hall. By 1960 psychosurgical procedures were no longer practiced, replaced by group and recreational therapy and psychotherapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref> However, the hospital did still offer electro-convulsive therapy and insulin coma therapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 45th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1961. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
It's use as a mental hospital persisted into the late 1970s, until the State of West Virginia de-institutionalized mental healthcare. <ref>[http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1287 WV Encyclopedia Entry]</ref> Today the former Lakin State Hospital property is still owned by the Department of Health the Lakin Nursing Home, while many of the older buildings constructed by the state have now been demolished, including all traces of the former Industrial Home.<br />
<br />
== Confusion with the Industrial Home for Colored Boys ==<br />
<br />
In modern times, the state hospital is frequently confused with the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]. Proximity and similar names mean casual observers often mistook the abandoned Industrial Home building for being the state hospital. Matters are not helped since after the School's closing in 1955 the State Hospital took over the grounds in 1957, using the structures as employee housing, post office, and gymnasium.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 45th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1961. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Lakin state hospital up medium.jpg<br />
File:Lakin2.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
[[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Barboursville_State_Hospital&diff=11810Barboursville State Hospital2011-10-25T23:45:04Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* History */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Barboursville State Hospital<br />
| image = OldBarboursvilleStateHospnowVetHome.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = <br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = January 20, 1942<br />
| closed = <br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Barboursville, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 397 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Barboursville Unit of the Weston State Hospital<br />
*Barboursville Unit of the Huntington State Hospital (1947)<br />
*Barboursville Veterans' Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In 1941, the State of West Virginia purchased 23.76 acres of land in the Cabell County town of Barboursville. Part of that property included two buildings formerly dorms of Morris Harvey College, which had moved to Charleston in 1935 and would eventually become the University of Charleston. It would take a year to recondition these buildings and install the necessary fixtures. The hospital's original designation was the Barboursville Unit of the Weston State Hospital upon opening January 20, 1942. By August 1st of that year the hospital had reached it's capacity of 270 patients. The state soon made further renovations to accommodate 315 patients.<br />
<br />
Renamed the Barboursville Unit of the Huntington State Hospital by the state legislature in 1947, Barboursville would also receive a new administration building and a new storage building. Finally receiving its last name during the 1949 session of the state legislature, the hospital also was appropriated a separate laundry building and renovations for the existing structures. These changes removed the last administrative functions from the dormitory buildings to the Admin Building, increasing the capacity once again to 402 beds. In 1957 further funds were designated to construct a dormitory for male employees.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Eau_Claire_County_Asylum&diff=11809Eau Claire County Asylum2011-10-25T23:44:14Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Eau Claire County Asylum<br />
| image = Eau_Claire_County_Insane_Asylum.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1900<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = 1901<br />
| closed = <br />
| demolished = by 1999<br />
| current_status = [[Demolished Institution|Demolished]]<br />
| building_style = [[Single Building Institutions|Single Building]]<br />
| architect(s) = F. W. Woodward<br />
| location = Eau Claire, WI<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
* Eau Clarie County Asylum & Poor Farm<br />
* Eau Claire County Insane Asylum<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
Built on 446 acres of farm land, the Eau Claire County Poor Farm and Asylum was constructed on a prominent hill, then located four miles west of the town of Eau Claire, for $135,284.00 in 1900. After completion there was a period of litigation between builder F. W. Woodward and the Board of Trustees over the matter of the bill; the trustees had assumed he was providing the service free of charge. Until Woodward presented them with a bill. In 1913 the patient population was 168 of a possible 180. By 1921 it had dropped to 161 and the city limits had moved more then a mile closer. Today the property is a city park, with only a staff parking lot remaining.<br />
<br />
== Known Superintendents ==<br />
* O.H. Kitzman 1900-1908<br />
* S.E. Horrell 1908-Unknown<br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* http://eauclaire.wigenweb.org/histories/1914ecco/chapter19/asylum.htm<br />
<br />
[[Category:Wisconsin]]<br />
[[Category:Single Building Institutions]]<br />
[[Category:Demolished Institution]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=User:Elkinsstatehospital&diff=11807User:Elkinsstatehospital2011-10-25T23:26:38Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>So the screen name doesn't red link anymore, figured I'd put something here.<br />
<br />
Name's John, I'm from West Virginia and live about forty minutes (at max) from the old Weston State Hospital. As a child I spent time at the University of Virginia Hospital for serious joint infection; all my outpatient visits were conducted at what my mother referred to as 'the old hospital'. The old buildings of the Blue Ridge Hospital fascinated me then and continue too, even though I haven't made it back there since,<br />
<br />
Projects I'm working on or researching (if you have any information about the hospitals listed bellow I would love to hear it!)<br />
* [[Southern Wisconsin Center for the Developmentally Disabled]]<br />
* [[Northern Wisconsin Center for the Developmentally Disabled]]<br />
* [[Barboursville State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Welch Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* [[West Virginia Training School]]<br />
* [[Catawba Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Piedmont Sanatorium]]<br />
* Sweet Springs Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Berkeley Springs Sanitarium<br />
* Pinecrest Sanitarium<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Girls<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Boys<br />
<br />
Projects (tentatively) complete<br />
* [[Blue Ridge Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Fond du Lac County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Iowa County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Eau Claire County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]] (still looking for more, but complete as it is now)</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=West_Virginia&diff=11806West Virginia2011-10-25T23:14:34Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox state<br />
| Name = West Virginia<br />
| flag = 760px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| flagAlt = Flag of West Virginia<br />
| seal = 275px-Seal_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| sealAlt = Seal of West Virgina<br />
| Motto = Montani semper liberi (mountaineers are always free)<br />
| Map = 286px-Map_of_USA_WV.svg.png<br />
| MapAlt = <br />
| Nickname = Mountain State<br />
| Capital = Charleston<br />
| LargestCity = Charleston<br />
| Total_Area_mile = 24,230<br />
| Total_Area_km = 62,755<br />
| Width_mile = 130 <br />
| Width_km = 210<br />
| Length_mile = 240<br />
| Length_km = 385<br />
| total_state_population = 1,819,777 (2009 est.)<br />
| total_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| year_past_peak_pop = <br />
| past_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| total_number_mental_health_institutions = <br />
| current_number_public_institutions = <br />
| current_number_private_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_state_hospitals = 1959 <br />
| peak_state_hospitals = 5<br />
| year_peak_state_schools = 1954<br />
| peak_state_schools = 4<br />
| year_peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
| peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== State Hospital ==<br />
<br />
* [[Barboursville State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Huntington State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Spencer State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Weston State Hospital]]<br />
<br />
== State Schools ==<br />
<br />
* [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
* West Virginia Training School<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Girls<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Boys<br />
<br />
== Emergency Hospitals ==<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* Welch Emergency Hospital<br />
* McKendree Mining Hospital No. 1<br />
<br />
== Sanitariums ==<br />
<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Denmar Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Hopemont State Hospital]] <br />
* Sweet Springs Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Berkeley Springs Sanitarium<br />
* Pinecrest Sanitarium<br />
<br />
[[Category:United States of America]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=User:Elkinsstatehospital&diff=11805User:Elkinsstatehospital2011-10-25T23:13:37Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>So the screen name doesn't red link anymore, figured I'd put something here.<br />
<br />
Name's John, I'm from West Virginia and live about forty minutes (at max) from the old Weston State Hospital. As a child I spent time at the University of Virginia Hospital for serious joint infection; all my outpatient visits were conducted at what my mother referred to as 'the old hospital'. The old buildings of the Blue Ridge Hospital fascinated me then and continue too, even though I haven't made it back there since,<br />
<br />
Projects I'm working on or researching (if you have any information about the hospitals listed bellow I would love to hear it!)<br />
* [[Southern Wisconsin Center for the Developmentally Disabled]]<br />
* [[Northern Wisconsin Center for the Developmentally Disabled]]<br />
* [[Barboursville State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Welch Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* [[West Virginia Training School]]<br />
* [[Catawba Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Piedmont Sanatorium]]<br />
* Sweet Springs Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
* Berkeley Springs Sanitarium<br />
* Pinecrest Sanitarium<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Girls<br />
* West Virginia Industrial Home for Boys<br />
<br />
Projects (tentatively) complete<br />
* [[Blue Ridge Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Fond du Lac County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Iowa County Asylum]]<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]] (still looking for more, but complete as it is now)</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Lakin_State_Hospital&diff=11766Lakin State Hospital2011-10-23T01:59:32Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: /* History */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Lakin State Hospital<br />
| image = Lakin1942 .jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1919<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = 1926<br />
| opened = 1926<br />
| closed = late 1970s<br />
| demolished = Partially<br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Lakin, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 502 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Lakin Hospital (1970)<br />
*Lakin Hospital Nursing Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The Lakin State Hospital was created under the same legislation proposed by T.G. Nutter, Harry Capehart and T.J. Coleman, three African American legislators that created several state-funded reform institutions for African Americans between 1919 and 1921, that also created the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]] across WV 62 from the hospital. Like the industrial school that also bore the name of the town of Lakin, the state hospital was for African Americans only during segregation.<br />
<br />
In 1950, Lakin was visited along with the [[Huntington State Hospital]] and [[Spencer State Hospital]] by Dr. William Freeman, sometimes called the "Father of the American Lobotomy". During July and early August Dr. Freeman performed 228 lobotomies on patients at those facilities, including twenty 'very dangerous Negroes' at Lakin.<ref>[http://www.graveaddiction.com/lakin.html Brief history of Lakin]</ref><br />
<br />
In 1954, Lakin State Hospital began the process of integrating it's staff and patient population. It also assumed the duty of district hospital for Jackson, Mason, Putnam, and Wood counties in West Virginia. In 1960 the facilities consisted of two three story main buildings (separated by gender), a two story office building, cannery, a new office/dietary complex constructed in 1959, two staff dormitories, physician housing, and a short term treatment medical center. Along with those buildings, there were six older buildings that had been renovated structures serving as laundry, workshops, and recreation hall. By 1960 psychosurgical procedures were no longer practiced, replaced by group and recreational therapy and psychotherapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
It's use as a mental hospital persisted into the late 1970s, until the State of West Virginia de-institutionalized mental healthcare. <ref>[http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1287 WV Encyclopedia Entry]</ref> Today the former Lakin State Hospital property is still owned by the Department of Health the Lakin Nursing Home, while many of the buildings constructed by the state have now been demolished<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Lakin state hospital up medium.jpg<br />
File:Lakin2.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
[[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Barboursville_State_Hospital&diff=11739Barboursville State Hospital2011-10-22T04:49:01Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: Created page with '{{infobox institution | name = Barboursville State Hospital | image = OldBarboursvilleStateHospnowVetHome.jpg | image_size = 250px | alt = | caption = | established = | constr…'</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Barboursville State Hospital<br />
| image = OldBarboursvilleStateHospnowVetHome.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = <br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = January 20, 1942<br />
| closed = <br />
| demolished = <br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Barboursville, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 397 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Barboursville Unit of the Weston State Hospital<br />
*Barboursville Unit of the Huntington State Hospital (1947)<br />
*Barboursville Veterans' Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
Established with patients from [[Weston State Hospital]] in 1942, now a veterans home.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:OldBarboursvilleStateHospnowVetHome.jpg&diff=11738File:OldBarboursvilleStateHospnowVetHome.jpg2011-10-22T04:47:22Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Lakin_State_Hospital&diff=11737Lakin State Hospital2011-10-22T04:33:00Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Lakin State Hospital<br />
| image = Lakin1942 .jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1919<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = 1926<br />
| opened = 1926<br />
| closed = late 1970s<br />
| demolished = Partially<br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Lakin, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 502 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Lakin Hospital (1970)<br />
*Lakin Hospital Nursing Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The Lakin State Hospital was created under the same legislation proposed by T.G. Nutter, Harry Capehart and T.J. Coleman, three African American legislators that created several state-funded reform institutions for African Americans between 1919 and 1921, that also created the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]] across WV 62 from the hospital. Like the industrial school that also bore the name of the town of Lakin, the state hospital was for African Americans only during segregation.<br />
<br />
In 1950, Lakin was visited along with the [[Barboursville State Hospital]] and [[Spencer State Hospital]] by Dr. William Freeman, sometimes called the "Father of the American Lobotomy". During July and early August Dr. Freeman performed 228 lobotomies on patients at those facilities, including twenty 'very dangerous Negroes' at Lakin.<ref>[http://www.graveaddiction.com/lakin.html Brief history of Lakin]</ref><br />
<br />
In 1954, Lakin State Hospital began the process of integrating it's staff and patient population. It also assumed the duty of district hospital for Jackson, Mason, Putnam, and Wood counties in West Virginia. In 1960 the facilities consisted of two three story main buildings (separated by gender), a two story office building, cannery, a new office/dietary complex constructed in 1959, two staff dormitories, physician housing, and a short term treatment medical center. Along with those buildings, there were six older buildings that had been renovated structures serving as laundry, workshops, and recreation hall. By 1960 psychosurgical procedures were no longer practiced, replaced by group and recreational therapy and psychotherapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
It's use as a mental hospital persisted into the late 1970s, until the State of West Virginia de-institutionalized mental healthcare. <ref>[http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1287 WV Encyclopedia Entry]</ref> Today the former Lakin State Hospital property is still owned by the Department of Health the Lakin Nursing Home, while many of the buildings constructed by the state have now been demolished<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Lakin state hospital up medium.jpg<br />
File:Lakin2.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
[[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Lakin_State_Hospital&diff=11736Lakin State Hospital2011-10-22T04:29:37Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Lakin State Hospital<br />
| image = Lakin1942 .jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1919<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = 1926<br />
| opened = 1926<br />
| closed = late 1970s<br />
| demolished = Partially<br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Lakin, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = 502 (1960 pop.)<br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Lakin Hospital (1970)<br />
*Lakin Hospital Nursing Home<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The Lakin State Hospital was created under the same legislation proposed by T.G. Nutter, Harry Capehart and T.J. Coleman, three African American legislators that created several state-funded reform institutions for African Americans between 1919 and 1921, that also created the [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]] across WV 62 from the hospital. Like the industrial school that also bore the name of the town of Lakin, the state hospital was for African Americans only during segregation.<br />
<br />
In 1950, Lakin was visited along with the [[Barboursville State Hospital]] and [[Spencer State Hospital]] by Dr. William Freeman, sometimes called the "Father of the American Lobotomy". During July and early August Dr. Freeman performed 228 lobotomies on patients at those facilities, including twenty 'very dangerous Negroes' at Lakin.<ref>[http://www.graveaddiction.com/lakin.html Brief history of Lakin]</ref><br />
<br />
In 1954, Lakin State Hospital began the process of integrating it's staff and patient population. It also assumed the duty of district hospital for Jackson, Mason, Putnam, and Wood counties in West Virginia. In 1960 the facilities consisted of two three story main buildings (separated by gender), a two story office building, cannery, a new office/dietary complex constructed in 1959, two staff dormitories, physician housing, and a short term treatment medical center. Along with those buildings, there were six older buildings that had been renovated structures serving as laundry, workshops, and recreation hall. By 1960 psychosurgical procedures were no longer practiced, replaced by group and recreational therapy and psychotherapy.<ref>Meyers, J. Howard, ed. "West Virginia Bluebook" 44th ed. Charleston: Jarrett Printing Company, 1960. Print.</ref><br />
<br />
It's use as a mental hospital persisted into the late 1970s, until the State of West Virginia de-institutionalized mental healthcare. <ref>[http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1287 WV Encyclopedia Entry]</ref> Today the former Lakin State Hospital property is still owned by the Department of Health the Lakin Nursing Home, while many of the buildings constructed by the state have now been demolished<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Lakin state hospital up medium.jpg<br />
File:Lakin2.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
[[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Planned Institutions]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:Lakin2.jpg&diff=11735File:Lakin2.jpg2011-10-22T04:05:02Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Lakin_Industrial_Home_for_Colored_Boys&diff=11734Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys2011-10-22T04:02:39Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: Incorrectly combined with another institution</p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys <br />
| image = Lakin1.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| established = 1919<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended =<br />
| opened = 1924<br />
| closed = 1956<br />
| demolished = 2006<br />
| current_status = [[Demolished Institution|Demolished]]<br />
| building_style = [[Single Building Institutions|Single Building]]<br />
| architect(s) = <br />
| location = Lakin, WV<br />
| architecture_style = <br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =<br><br />
*Lakin Industrial School for Colored Boys <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
The Lakin Industrial School for Colored Boys was founded by T.G. Nutter, Harry Capehart and T.J. Coleman, three African American legislators that created several state-funded reform institutions for blacks between 1919 and 1921. This led to several structures being constructed west of WV 62 in rural Mason county. It lies just north of Lakin State Hospital. The familiar red brick building, built in 1924, was constructed of fireproof materials and is very sturdy, was the first building to be erected. A gymnasium was built in the 1940's; several smaller structures followed soon after.<br />
<br />
The Lakin Industrial School closed in 1956, only two years after the Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas decision that led to the gradual desegregation of many public schools and colleges in West Virginia. Those who remained before its closure were transfered to the Industrial School at Pruntytown.<br />
<br />
It was owned by the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Services, the same owners of Lakin State Hospital across the state road that slides between the two. The school property was deeded over to the West Virginia Department of Agriculture in 1976.<br />
<br />
A fire in 2000 did very little damage to the main building; it is a testament to the brute strength of the building, even after 50 years of abandonment.<br />
<br />
In November 2006, Lakin Industrial School for Colored Boys was demolished. The property is expected to become part of American Electric Power's River Operations.<br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
* [http://www.graveaddiction.com/lakin.html Explanation of the differences between Lakin State Hospital and the Industrial School]<br />
* [http://www.ohioexploration.com/lakinindustrialschool.htm More pictures]<br />
<br />
[[Category:West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Single Building Institutions]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:Lakin_state_hospital_up_medium.jpg&diff=11733File:Lakin state hospital up medium.jpg2011-10-22T04:00:04Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:Lakin1.jpg&diff=11732File:Lakin1.jpg2011-10-22T03:02:15Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=File:Lakin1942_.jpg&diff=11731File:Lakin1942 .jpg2011-10-22T02:55:11Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=West_Virginia&diff=11730West Virginia2011-10-22T02:42:28Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox state<br />
| Name = West Virginia<br />
| flag = 760px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| flagAlt = Flag of West Virginia<br />
| seal = 275px-Seal_of_West_Virginia.svg.png<br />
| sealAlt = Seal of West Virgina<br />
| Motto = Montani semper liberi (mountaineers are always free)<br />
| Map = 286px-Map_of_USA_WV.svg.png<br />
| MapAlt = <br />
| Nickname = Mountain State<br />
| Capital = Charleston<br />
| LargestCity = Charleston<br />
| Total_Area_mile = 24,230<br />
| Total_Area_km = 62,755<br />
| Width_mile = 130 <br />
| Width_km = 210<br />
| Length_mile = 240<br />
| Length_km = 385<br />
| total_state_population = 1,819,777 (2009 est.)<br />
| total_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| year_past_peak_pop = <br />
| past_mh_inpatient_pop = <br />
| total_number_mental_health_institutions = <br />
| current_number_public_institutions = <br />
| current_number_private_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| peak_mh_institutions = <br />
| year_peak_state_hospitals = 1989 <br />
| peak_state_hospitals = 3<br />
| year_peak_state_schools = <br />
| peak_state_schools = 1<br />
| year_peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
| peak_private_mental_hospitals = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== State Hospital ==<br />
<br />
* [[Barboursville State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Huntington State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Lakin State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Spencer State Hospital]]<br />
* [[Weston State Hospital]]<br />
<br />
== State Schools ==<br />
<br />
* [[Lakin Industrial Home for Colored Boys]]<br />
* West Virginia Training School<br />
<br />
== Emergency Hospitals ==<br />
* [[Fairmont Emergency Hospital]]<br />
* Welch Emergency Hospital<br />
* McKendree <br />
<br />
== Sanitariums ==<br />
<br />
* [[Allegheny Heights Hospital and Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Denmar Sanitarium]]<br />
* [[Hopemont State Hospital]] <br />
* Sweet Springs Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
<br />
[[Category:United States of America]]</div>Elkinsstatehospitalhttp://asylumprojects.org/index.php?title=Blue_Ridge_Sanatorium&diff=11729Blue Ridge Sanatorium2011-10-22T01:18:04Z<p>Elkinsstatehospital: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{infobox institution<br />
| name = Blue Ridge Sanatorium<br />
| image = Charlottesville_view.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = View over the Sanatorium towards the City<br />
| established = 1902; 1919<br />
| construction_began = <br />
| construction_ended = <br />
| opened = 1903; 1920<br />
| closed = 1996<br />
| demolished = Underway<br />
| current_status = [[Closed Institution|Closed]]<br />
| building_style = [[Rambling Planned Institutions|Rambling Plan]]<br />
| architect(s) =</br><br />
* Charles Robinson<br />
* Marcellus E. Wright, Sr. <br />
* Eugene Bradbury<br />
* W.E. Stainback and Pruitt and Brown Architects<br />
| location = Charlottesville, VA<br />
| architecture_style = Varied<br />
| peak_patient_population = <br />
| alternate_names =</br><br />
* Moore's Creek Sanitarium (1903 to 1914)<br />
* Blue Ridge Tuberculosis Sanatorium (1919 to 1978)<br />
* Blue Ridge Hospital (1978 to ~1996)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
The Blue Ridge Sanatorium began life in 1902 when a group of Charlottesville area physicians lead by Dr. D.M. Trice<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=aPssAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA781&lpg=PA781&dq=Moore%27s+Brook+Sanitarium&source=bl&ots=arOMV35XUK&sig=GVaHY8Bkf7yOkX9en5pBtu12T6I&hl=en&ei=ReOXTZzdL8bZgQeotbW1CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false The institutional care of the insane in the United States and Canada, Volume 3]</ref> purchased 106 acres of land in the Blue Ridge foothills including farm structures, a spring, and the Lyman Mansion from Mrs. J.E. Lyman.<ref>[http://www.faculty.virginia.edu/blueridgesanatorium/landscape.html The Sanatorium Landscape]</ref> The company soon acquired a charter from the state allowing them to hold voluntary and legally committed patients for treatment of nervous and mental disorders plus drug and alcohol problems. Boasting steam heat, gas lighting, and indoor plumbing the Moore's Creek Sanitarium had a twenty-three patient capacity. Men were housed on the second floor, and women on the first. Typical of contemporary sanitariums the patients were engaged in outdoor activities on the former farm or in crafts indoors. <br />
<br />
Trice's company dissolved in 1914 and the property lay unused until 1919. In that year the Commonwealth of Virginia was looking for another tuberculosis sanatorium site to complement the original [[Catawba Sanatorium]] (for whites) and the [[Piedmont Sanatorium]] (for blacks). Several factors made the former Moore's Creek site attractive to the Commonwealth. Not only was the University of Virginia Medical School located nearby, but paved road access, mountain scenery plus money and water connections offered by the city made it a hard location to pass up. The Lyman Mansion became the Administration (Davis) Building, central facility of the sanatorium. Even as the facility expanded it maintained the connection to the land begun by Moore's Creek. The Sanatorium largely subsisted on the produce it raised and a surplus of milk produced by the dairy farm on the property was sold in the city. <br />
<br />
The first addition to the property were the three pavilions, designed to the then modern concept of providing as much fresh air as possible to help cure patients. Built to the same plans as the Morton pavilion at the Piedmont Sanatorium they were two story buildings of frame construction with wings off the sides of a central core housing the main facilities. The porches on the southern faces of the wings were key to the fresh air theory, allowing patients to be outside while being protected from the elements. Named Addison, Strode, and Thomas they housed forty patients a piece segregated by sex. Men were housed in Strode, women in Addison, and children in Thomas. Patients in advanced stages were housed in partitioned off rooms in the rear of the building until construction of the Trinkle Infirmary in 1922. As a state project the cottages were constructed of the cheapest materials, plainly furnished, and not expected to be in use for more then ten or twenty years at max. As early as their first months of service problems in the hastily built structures became apparent. The end began in 1939 with the opening of the WPA funded infirmary building; in 1950 the patients living in the rotted Addison and Thomas pavilions were finally moved to the west wing of the 1939 infirmary. In 1951 all patients remaining in Strode were moved to the Trinkle Building.<ref>[http://www.faculty.virginia.edu/blueridgesanatorium/pavilions.html The Cure Cottage by Roysin Billett]</ref><br />
<br />
When prominent Virginia Mason George W. Wright died in 1924, the Masonic lodges of the Commonwealth raised funds for construction of a pavilion in his name at Blue Ridge. Several conditions were stipulated in their offer to the sanatorium (such as Masons and their families having priority for admission and would approve changes; the Masons would also provide the equipment for the treatment of patients). On July 14, 1926 the cornerstone was lain for George W. Wright Building to great fanfare, with Masons and other dignitaries coming from all over the state. Consisting of two floors, a basement, and a roof garden to provide patients with sun the brand new fireproof building held sixty patients. Built to the same principle as the earlier wooden pavilions each floor had a single corridor with rooms and southern facing porches. It also held a brand new treatment room, called the Alpine lamp, to expose patients to ultra-violet rays in hopes of curing the Tuberculosis in their body. On the first floor was also an operating room where artificial pneuomothorax surgical procedures were performed. Consisting of the lungs being deflated and allowed to rest it was considered the second best treatment after the open air treatment. Completed in 1927 the Mason Relief Fund continued to support the building until the institution closed.<ref>[http://www.faculty.virginia.edu/blueridgesanatorium/wright.html by The Early Institutionalization of Blue Ridge Sanatorium and the George W. Wright Pavilion by Richard Sucre]</ref><br />
<br />
Another 1926 addition was the Children's Preventorium, also known as the Garrett Building, which replaced the Thomas pavilion as the primary facility for care of children. Located some distance away from the main campus in an open field, it embodied the importance of separating the children from those adults suffering from advance stages of the disease. Serving as a home, hospital, and school the patients were kept away from any potential further exposure. Young patients received the same treatment as their seniors; open air sleeping on porches, exposure to the sun, and physical activity. The hope was that if caught at a young age, rigorous treatment could prevent development of full on Tuberculosis. Thanks to the agricultural activities of the Sanatorium, the preventorium was entirely self-sufficient. Every effort was made to make the children feel at home with holiday parties and regular activities. As a result of the 1944 Lymanhurst study which revealed no positive benefit to the preventorium plans began being made to close the Garrett Building, culminating in the final shut down June 1, 1950. The building was last used to house male staff members before it was torn down in the late 1950s.<ref>[http://www.faculty.virginia.edu/blueridgesanatorium/preventorium.html The Garrett Building: An Architectural Record of the Children's Preventorium Movement by Rebecca Synder]</ref><br />
<br />
In 1939 the Sanatorium secured $167,726 in funding from the Works Progress Administration plus funding from the Commonwealth to construct the one hundred bed art-deco Infirmary-Culinary building, commonly referred to as the East Wing. While it contained a larger interior infirmary wards, it still possessed southern facing porches to provide patients with fresh air and a view much like the pavilions it replaced. After the discovery of the Tuberculosis antibiotic in 1944 the open air porches were converted to private rooms.<ref>[http://www.faculty.virginia.edu/blueridgesanatorium/infirmary.html Tuberculosis Infirmaries of The Public Works Administration and Racial Equality by Abigail Meester]</ref> Later construction included the Prisoner Barracks and Stafford Hall staff housing.<br />
<br />
By the 1950s the increased use of the Tuberculosis antibiotic meant fewer patients were committed to the sanatorium, with the first lasting vacancies opening in 1954. The average age of committed patients also increased the challenges faced in providing care, as the decade wore on. In 1965 Blue Ridge opened it's doors to African American patients as the Piedmont Sanatorium was closed. Treatment programs were expanded in the early 1970s, and outpatient alcoholic treatment programs opened at the Sanatorium. By 1978 the sanatorium facilities were transferred to the University of Virginia, who renamed it Blue Ridge Hospital. While it continued to treat Tuberculosis patients, many other UVA medical and outpatient services were moved to the campus in the 1980s.<ref>[http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/uva-hs/viuh00015.bioghist A Guide to the Blue Ridge Sanatorium]</ref> Blue Ridge Hospital was finally closed for good in 1996, bringing to an end almost a hundred years of medical use of the Lyman Farm.<ref>http://www.vtunderground.com/other/brh.htm</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Images of Blue Ridge Sanatorium ==<br />
{{image gallery|[[Blue Ridge Sanatorium Image Gallery|Blue Ridge Sanatorium]]}}<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Br-pavilions.jpg<br />
File:Infirmary.jpg<br />
File:Site-aerial.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
* [[Catawba Sanatorium]]<br />
* [[Piedmont Sanatorium]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
== Links ==<br />
* [http://www.faculty.virginia.edu/blueridgesanatorium/ UVA page on the Blue Ridge Sanatorium]<br />
* [http://www.faculty.virginia.edu/blueridgesanatorium/photo.html Photo Survey]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Closed Institution]]<br />
[[Category:Rambling Plan]]</div>Elkinsstatehospital